Question |
Answer |
Function of the cerebellum |
Balance, recognize and predict sequence of events during complex movements, and subconsciously provide precise time and appropriate patterns of skeletal muscle contraction |
The Choroid Plexus is composed of which type of neuroglia? |
Eppendymal cells |
What are the pathway(s) that CSF takes to get out of the ventricular regions and into the subarachnoid space? |
Laterial and median apeture |
Which of the following is/are pathway(s) that CSF takes to get from the 3rd ventricle to the 4th ventricle? |
Cerebral aquaduct |
The central sulcus is… |
what separates the precentral gyrus from the postcentral gyrus |
The longitudinal fissure is… |
what separates the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum |
Melatonin is produced in the ______________, which is under the control of the Master Clock, also known as the _________, which regulates circadian rhythms. |
pineal gland; suprachiasmatic nucleus |
The corpus callosum is… |
a dura mater extension that separates the two hemispheres of the brain, through the longitudinal fissure |
The middle cerebellar peduncles connect… |
the pons to the cerebellum |
You're washing dinner dishes and out of the corner of your eye, you catch a glimpse of something moving. What part of the brain was activated for this visual reflex? |
Superior colliculi |
Hypothalamus |
Regulates body temperature, food intake, water imbalance, thirst, and other homeostatic functions, mediate autonomic nervous system f(x), and control center for the pituitary gland |
Which mechanoreceptor will detect deep vibrations? |
Pacinian corpuscles |
Which mechanoreceptor will detect deep continuous sensations? |
Ruffini endings |
Which mechanoreceptor will detect light touch? |
Meissner's corpuscles |
Which mechanoreceptor will detect muscle strech? |
Muscle spindles |
Which mechanoreceptor will detect a stretch in tendons? |
Golgi tendon organs |
Which mechanoreptor will detect a stretch in articular capsules? |
Joint kinesthetic receptors |
The spinal cord extends from _________ to _________ |
foramen magnum; conus medullaris |
Which of the following is an extension of connective tissue from the cauda equina, which anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx? |
Filum terminale |
an extension of connective tissue from the pia mater which anchors the spinal cord to the vertebral column, all the way down the length of the spinal cord. |
Denticulate ligament |
In the Sympathetic NS, the preganglionic neuron enters the paravertebral ganglion via the? |
White ramus of the rami communicante |
In the Sympathetic Nervous System, the preganglionic neuron releases ___________ and the postganglionic neuron releases ______________. |
acetylcholine; norepinephrine & epinephrine |
You notice your respiratory rate has increased drastically to supply your body with oxygen, and similarly, you know that your bronchioles have dilated. What caused this effect? |
Epinephrine binding to beta 2 receptors on the lungs |
During relaxation, decreased contraction of the heart would be controlled by the ______________ and, more specifically, would be signaled by the efferent nerves of the _______________ |
autonomic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system |
Which of the following is true of parasympathetic nervous system? |
The preganglionic neuron releases ACh, which binds to nicotinic ACh receptors on the postganglionic neuron; and the postganglionic neuron releases ACh, which binds to muscarinic ACh receptors on the effector tissue |
Which of the following is true of the sympathetic nervous system? |
The preganglionic neuron releases ACh, which binds to nicotinic ACh receptors on the postganglionic neuron; and the postganglionic neuron releases norepinephrine, which binds to alpha receptors on the effector tissue. |
Which of the following is/are parasympathetic nervous system effects? |
Increased digestion, decreased heart and respiratory rate, and glucose is stored in the liver |
Remembering how to ride a bicycle is what type of memory? |
Procedural memory |
Remembering prom is what type of memory? |
Episodic memory |
Remembering facts such as who was the first US president is what type of memory? |
Semantic memory |
The correct order of the three meninges from deepest to most superficial is… |
Pia mater, Arachnoid mater, Dura mater (PAD) |
The areas that do NOT have a blood brain barrier? |
Choroid Plexus, hypothalamus, and pineal gland |
Which membrane separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum? |
Tentorium cerebelli |
Which membrane separates the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum? |
Falx cerebri |
The central sulcus… |
what separates the precentral gyrus from the post central gyrus |
The function of the ______________ is for learned, repetitious, patterned motor skills. |
The premotor cortex |
The neuroglias used for the developement of the blood-brain barrier? |
Astrocrytes |
The Primary Gustatory Cortex is… |
within the insula and involves taste perception. |
Cerebral Lateralization is when… |
both hemisphere will receive information from the precentral gyrus and the postcentral gyrus. |
In order for the two hemispheres to communicate with one another, ______________ fibers will be used. |
Commissures |
In order for the cerebrum to communicate with the lower brain and spinal cord, ___________ fibers will be used. |
Projection |
True or False. The left side of the brain controls things involved with language, math, logic |
True |
Which gland of the diencephalon controls the Pineal gland which produces melatonin to control the sleep-wake cycle? |
Epithalamus |
The Pons play a role in… |
relaying signals from frontal lobe to cerebellum |
Which nucleus regulates the Circadian Rhythms? |
Suprachiasmatic Nuclei |
Which reflex was activated for hearing? |
Inferior Colliculi |
What is Long-Term Potentiation? |
The synapse is stimulated at high frequency to cause an increased EPSP |
The Superior cerebellar peduncles are to… |
connect the midbrain to the cerebellum |
The emotions mad and scared? |
Amygdala |
2. Once Glutamate has diffused through the synapse and binds to AMPA, __________ ions move ___________ the postsynaptic neuron. |
Na // Into |
Crossing over of the ____________ occurs at the Decussation of pyramids within the _____________. |
Corticospinal tracts // Medulla Oblongata |
Which statement best describes the Secondary Order Neurons? |
Interneurons with the cell body in the dorsal horn and extends to the thalamus |
Because of the increased concentration of Na ions in the postganglionic neuron, Nitric Oxide will form. This compound plays a role in… |
Increasing the release of glutamate causing a greater EPSP |
What occurs during a Long-Term Potentiation? |
Increase growth of post synaptic dendritic spines and Increase in number and size of presynaptic terminals |
Which receptors respond to light energy? |
Photoreceptors |
Which receptors respond to a stimuli that causes pain? |
Nociceptors |
Because of the increased concentration of Na ions in the postganglionic neuron, NitricOxide will form. This compound plays a role in… |
Increasing the release of glutamate causing a greater EPSP |
Ventral (anterior) horn and root contains what? |
voluntary motor neurons |
Dorsal(posterior) horn and root contains what? |
interneuron, sensory axons |