| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| active transport | the movement of chemical substances; requires cells to use energy |
| cell membrane | a double-layer of lipids that forms a boundary aroud a cell; controls the passage of materials in and out of cells |
| cell theory | states that all organisms are made of cells, cells are produced by living cells, the cell is the most basic unit of life. |
| cell wall | structure that gives protection, support, and shape to cells |
| centriole | cylinder-shaped organelle made of protein tubes; aids mitosis |
| chloroplast | membranes that are used to convert solar energy into chemical energy; contains chlorophyll. |
| concentration gradient | difference in the concentration of a substance |
| cytoplasm | jellylike substance inside cells that contains molecules and cell organelles |
| cytoskeleton | network of proteins inside a cell that supports/shapes the cell |
| diffusion | movement of dissolved molecules from a higher concentration to a region of lower concentration |
| endocytosis | uptake of liquids or large molecules into a cell by folding of the membrane |
| endoplasmic reticulum | interconnected network of thin membranes that produce, process, and distribute proteins |
| eukaryotic cell | a cell that has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| exocytosis | release of substances by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane |
| facilitated diffusion | diffusion of molecules helped by protein channels that pierce a cell membrane |
| fluid mosaic model | model that describes the arrangement/movement of molecules that make up a cell membrane |
| Golgi apparatus | stack of flat, membrane-enclosed spaces with enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins |
| hypertonic | solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles compared with another one |
| hypotonic | solution that has a lower concentration of dissolved particles compared with another solution |
| isotonic | solution that has an equal concentration of dissolvedparticles compared with another solution |
| lysosome | organelle that contains enzymes |
| mitochondrion | organelle that supplies energy to the cell andhas its own ribosomes and DNA |
| nucleus | organelle made of a double membrane; acts as the storehouse for the cell’s DNA |
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