| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Science | An endeavor dedicated to the accumulation and classification of observable facts in order to formulate general laws about the natural world |
| Imhotep | He was renowned knowledge medicine |
| penicillin | A chemical that killed germs that infect wounds |
| poppy seeds | Used to treat pain with morphine and codeine |
| morphine and codeine | Pain relieving drug |
| Papyrus | An ancient form of paper, made from a plant of the same name |
| Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes | Many historians view these three individuals as humanity's first real scientists |
| atoms | Electrons and a compact nucleus of protons and neutrons. An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. |
| Leucippus | Historians believe that he built on the concepts of Anaximenes and proposed that all matter is composed of little units called atoms |
| Democritus | He believed that all matter was like sand and studied atoms |
| density | How compact the atoms are in an object |
| Aristotle | The father of life science |
| spontaneous generation | The idea that living organisms can generate from non living substances |
| Archimedes | He applied mathematical formulas to explain why certain thing happen the way they do |
| Ptolemy | He studied the heavens and came up with the geocentric system |
| Geocentric System | A system were the earth is in the middle |
| Ptolemaic System | The geocentric system |
| alchemy | Mixing items to try make a different items |
| chemical reation | One or more substance interact to form another |
| Dark Ages | A time that little was learned |
| encyclopedias | The accumulation of data and ideas |
| constellations | A group of stars forming a recognizable pattern that is traditionally named after its apparent form or identified with a mythological figure. Modern astronomers divide the sky into eighty-eight constellations with defined boundaries. |
| supernova | The brilliant point of light is the explosion of a star that has reached the end of its life. |
| nebula | A nebula is an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases |
| Robert Grosseteste | He wanted to explain why things happened the way they did |
| Dietrich von Freilberg | Built on Grosseteste work and was able to offer an expiation |
| Roger Bacon | He proposed experiments that, when preformed, showed that goat's blood had no effect whatsoever on diamonds |
| Thomas Bradwardine | He was one of the first to view scientist to examine many of Aristotle's ideas critically |
| Nicholas of Cusa | He studied the plaints and the stars he was the first to brake the Ptolemy system |
| Nicolaus Copernicus | He believed that Ptolemy's view was wrong and proposed the heliocentric system |
| Heliocentric System | A system that Nicolaus Copernicus proposed |
| Copernican System | The heliocentric system |
| Johannes Kepler | Studied the heavens |
| Galileo Galilei | He was a well respected science and worked with telescopes |
| Blaise Pascal | He was a brilliant philosopher, mathematician, and scientist |
| atmospheric pressure | The pressure exerted by the weight of the atmosphere |
| Sir Isaac Newton | The greatest scientist in history |
| Robert Boyle | The founder of modern chemistry |
| Antoni van Leeuwenhoek | He looked threw the first microscope |
| Carolus Linnaeus | He published a book trying to classify |
| Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier | the first to realize matter cannot be destroyed but can only change forms |
| Law of Mass Conservation | The law that states matter cannot be destroyed but can only change forms |
| John Dalton | proposed the atomic theory |
| Atomic Theory | the theory that matter consists of indivisible particles called atoms and that atoms of a given element are all identical and can neither be created nor destroyed |
| Charles R. Darwin | The father of evolution |
| natural selection | It is a process were lets say a deer has thin fur in a cold climate will he live most likely not, so the deer with thick fur will live and have kids and pass the thick fur down to the kids |
| Louis Pasteur | Invented pasteurization |
| pasteurization | it is a process used to keep milk from souring |
| Sir Charles Lyell | found evidence to "prove" that it is millions of years old |
| Gregor Mendel | formed the entire field of modern genetics |
| genetics | how traits are passed on from parent to offspring |
| Michael Faraday | experiments and ideas abut electricity led to him getting the nick name electrical giant |
| James Clerk Maxwell | founder of modern physics |
| electromagnetism | Electromagnetism is a branch of physics involving the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. |
| James Joule | determent that energy cannot be destroyed nor created but it can change form |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system is constant; energy can be transformed from one form to another, but can be neither created nor destroyed. |
| Max Planck | proposed an ingenious idea much like matter exists in tiny packets calked atoms and energy exists in tiny packets called quanta |
| Albert Einstein | Einstein was able to enplane the "unexplainable" problem using the idea of quanta |
| Bohr Model | Niels Bohr's picture model of a atom |
| Niels Bohr | developed a picture of a atom |
| classification | the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. |
| classification | the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. |
| Alexander the great | Alexander III of Macedon, commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty |
| evolution | Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations |
| chemical reaction | A physical change, such as a state change or dissolving, . In a chemical reaction, the atoms and molecules that interact with each other are called reactants. In a chemical reaction, the atoms and molecules produced by the reaction are called products. |
| T or F: scientific progress depends on not only scientist but it depends on agriculture | True |
| T or F: science progresses by building on the work of other scientist | True |
| T or F: science can prove anything | False |
| ellipse | a regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points |
| foci (focus) | a central point, as of attraction, attention, or activity |
| microscope | an optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as mineral samples or animal or plant cells, typically magnified several hundred times |
| enlightenment | The Enlightenment was an intellectual and philosophical movement which dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century |
| combustion | the process of burning something |
| industrial revolution | The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. |
| immutability of the species | The idea that each individual species on the planet was specially created by God and could never fundamentally change. The idea that species were immutable by many pre-Darwin biologists |
| geologist | A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes that shape it |
| quanta | a discrete quantity of energy proportional in magnitude to the frequency of the radiation it represents. |
| quantum mechanics | also known as quantum physics or quantum theory, including quantum field theory, is a branch of physics which is the fundamental theory of nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles. |
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